Mozart Essays - Mozart Family, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Free Essays

Mozart Essays - Mozart Family, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Free Essays Mozart Yekaterina Todika Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was absolved in Salzburg Cathedral on the day after his introduction to the world as Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus. The first and last given names originate from his back up parent Joannes Theophilus Pergmayr, in spite of the fact that Mozart favored the Latin type of this last name, Amadeus, all the more regularly Amade, or the Italiano Amadeo. Whatever the case might be, he only very seldom utilized Theophilus in his mark. The name Chrysostomus begins from St. John Chrysostom, whose dining experience falls on the 27th of January. The name Wolfgang was given to him out of appreciation for his maternal granddad, Wolfgang Nikolaus Pertl. He was the seventh and last youngster destined to melodic creator, author and musician, Leopold Mozart and his better half Anna Maria Pertl. Just Wolfgang and Maria Anna (whose epithet was Nannerl) endure earliest stages. He was conceived in a house in the Hagenauersches Haus in Salzburg, Austria, on the 27th of January, 1756. The fatherly heritage of the family has been followed back with some level of sureness to Fndris Motzhart, who lived in the Augsburg zone in 1486; the name is first recorded, for a Heinrich Motxhart in Fischach, in 1331, and shows up in different towns south-west of Augsburg, prominently Heimberg, from fourteenth century. The last name was spelled in assortment of structures, including Moxarth, Mozhrd and Mozer. His moms family came for the most part from the Salzburg district, yet one branch might be followed to Krems-Stein and Wien. They for the most part followed lower white collar class occupations; some were cultivators. 2 In spite of the fact that Mozart didn't stroll until he was three years of age, he showed melodic endowments at incredibly early age. At four years old, he could recreate on the piano a tune played to him; at five, he could play violin with flawless sound. As per Norbert Elias, it took all of thirty minutes for Mozart to ace his first melodic organization. The work , a scherzo by Georg Christoph Wagenseiil, had been duplicated by his dad into Nannerls note pad. Beneath it Leopold wrote: This piece was found out by Walfgangerl on 24 January 1791, 3 days before his fifth birthday celebration, somewhere in the range of 9 and 9:30 at night. (68) Mozart and his sister never went to class in light of the fact that their dad dedicatedly and taught them at home. Other than music, he showed them German, Italian, Latin, history science, arithmetic and law. As indicated by Ruth Halliwell, perceiving his childrens extraordinary capacities, Leopold started to commit additional push to their training with an accentuation on melodic guidance. He turned into a cherishing, however demanding, drill sergeant. Some time later, he would to some degree remorsefully depict to journalist how from an early age Nannerl and Wolfgang had figured out how to wear the iron shirt of control. The youngsters themselves most likely never loosened up that life could be any unique. Wolfgang, presumably, delighted in the additional consideration and discovered incredible joy in learning-and in satisfying his dad. It was the beginning of relationship that he could never fully break free of, and the start of a profession that would devour him altogether.(38} At the point when the six-year-old Wolfgang had given his exceptional abilities at the console, Leopold was quick to show those gifts alongside those of his talented piano players little girl, Nannerl. In this way Leopold embraced a multi month visit to Vienna and the 3 encompassing zone, visiting each respectable house and royal residence he could discover, taking the whole family with him. Mozarts first realize open appearance was at Salzburg University in September of 1761, when he partook in dramatic execution with music by Eberlin. Like different guardians of this time, Leopold Mozart saw nothing incorrectly in showing, or in misusing, his children natural virtuoso for music. He took Walfgang and Nannerl to Munchen, for around three weeks from January twelfth, 1762, where they played the harpsichord before the Elector of Bavaria. No documentation made due for that venture. Later ones are better off Leopold was a productive reporter and furthermore kept travel journals. The following began on September eighteenth, 1762, when the whole family set off for Wein; they stopped at Passau and Linz where the youthful Wolfgang gave his firs open presentation at The Trinity Inn, Linz, on October first, 1762. Before long a while later, he stunned the Empre ss at Schonbrunn Castel and all her illustrious visitors with interesting console stunts; playing with the keys secured with a fabric, with his

Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 13

Media - Essay Example ty and wearable innovation has had significant ramifications on correspondence, relational collaborations, security and protection and medicinal services administrations arrangements. One of the key hugeness of the versatility and wearable innovation has been the assistance of correspondence and relational collaboration (Ling, 2008).The degree of relational connection and correspondence is not, at this point subject to the physical nearness between parties. Wearable and portable innovations have prompted continuous progression of data and information through the web and social stages, for example, face books. In this manner, this marvel has changed data innovation into the most essential assets within recent memory. Socially, portable advancements have additionally quickened the globalization of the whole universe. Data can be shared by everybody on the globe through the web. Besides, the social setting of the wearable and portable innovation has been reached out to nontraditional circles of data innovation, for example, arrangements of human services benefits particularly in the administration of incessant ailment, for example, mHealth administrations. Wearable a dvancements have demonstrated compelling in the administration of diabetes through transmission of cautions and clinical input to specialists. So also, clients of wearable of advancements have been basically determined by computerized gadgets enabling capacities. By wearing them, clients are much of the time urged to check their wellness status, connect more with companions and outsiders and activating of social changes. Socially, the portable and wearable advancements have had noteworthy effect on users’ ways of life patterns. Premier, wearable advances such a Google Glass has been intrinsically incorporated into dressing style of its clients through their plan into fabrics and embellishments. Additionally, cell phone and advanced mobile phones have become a need in any event, for networks in the creating scene with the development of Mpesa for portable cash move in Kenya. Intuitive

Outbox, May 5th, 2017

Inbox/Outbox, May 5th, 2017 Since I work at a used bookstore, I ended up with more in my Inbox than my Outbox, an all too frequent occurrence, as my groaning bookshelves can attest to. But how can I resist? Inbox (Books Acquired) The Moon and the Other by John Kessel. A matriarchal utopia on the moon, on the brink of civil war, set in the near future. Um, of course I bought it! It’s also compared to two of my favorite dystopias: The Dispossessed by Ursula Le Guin and The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood. I’m always on the hunt for excellent dystopias. I haven’t read Kessel before, but he’s won a ton of awards, and the premise for this one sounds amazing. Even though it’s only been out  for a month, I managed to grab a used copy. Hag-Seed by Margaret Atwood. Speaking of Margaret Atwood, her newest novel retells The Tempest by William Shakespeare. Felix, an artistic director, signs on to teach theatre in a prisonâ€"and he directs the prisoners in a production of The Tempest. I imagine this will have Atwood’s biting humor and her realism that pushes the boundaries of absurdity. At least I hope it does! I will probably be reading this soon, as a Goodreads book club I participate in is currently nominating novels around the theme of ‘magical Shakespeare,’ and I will definitely be voting for this one. Unicorn  by Angela Carter. So Angela Carter wrote poetry? Why did I not know this? I shelve the poetry section at work, and definitely made some excited noises when I saw this. In case you don’t know, Angela Carter’s fiction  often subverts fairy tales. Her most famous work  is The Bloody Chamber and Other Stories, which I love. Unicorn promises to be similar, with such poems as “Life-Affirming Poem About Small, Pregnant White Cat” and “Through the Looking Glass.” Unicorn also contains three essays at the end that examine Angela Carter’s work as a whole. Afterland by Mai Der Vang. This is a completely random buy. I opened the book, read a random poem, liked it, bought it. I know absolutely nothing about the author. Apparently, this is her first collection. The couple poems I perused  have hints of magical realism: “Violets are hatching volcanoes. /   Today’s bees have swallowed / The last milk of lanterns.” Mai Der Vang also won the Walt Whitman Award, so it’s probably good? We’ll see! Outbox (Books Finished) Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang. The movie Arrival is based on the title story, “Story of Your Life,” which is the best piece in this collection. Better than the movie. In most of these short stories, Ted Chiang combines hard science with complicated, questing characters. Not questing in the usual fantasy sense, but questing as in lonely souls trying to find meaning in the world while struggling with a scientific concept that changes everything. The stories are weakest when they rely too heavily on a scientific concept and lack the character and plot building to support the story. But there were only a few of those. Most were complex and interesting. Oh, and Ted Chiang describes his writing process for each story at the end. I wish every author included these in their short story collections! The Rise of the New Woman: The Womens Movement in America, 1875-1930 by Jean V. Matthews. I’m currently researching the suffrage movement for a writing in progress. This book  gives a broad introduction to the movement. I appreciate Jean Matthew’s attention to the disenfranchisement of black women in the movement while also highlighting important black women figures. The scope of the book is much broader than that, but every chapter highlighted black women to some extent, and in a movement that was often racist, addressing the accomplishments of POC was refreshing. Its also very readable. Music of the Ghosts by Vaddey Ratner. This is one melancholy book, as it would have to be. Almost 40 years have passed since the genocide of the Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia. Teera, who escaped with her aunt to the U.S. as a child, returns to Cambodia as an adult, haunted by her past and struggling with grief after her aunts death. A man called The Old Musician claims to have several instruments of her fathers, and wants to return them. The novel weaves between their perspectives as both grapple with the past and  try to find hope and meaning in the present. While this is a melancholy novel, its not a hopeless one. In her afterward, Ratner says that if In the Shadow of the Banyan (her 1st novel set during the same time period) is a story of survival, then Music of the Ghosts  is a story of surviving. In the Queue (What Im Reading Next) Sealskin by Su Bristow. I love selkie legends, so when this popped up on Netgalley, I immediately requested it. It takes place in Scotland and the main character is a fisherman. I know nothing about the author, but the Goodreads blurb says her fiction is  like a cross between Angela Carter and Eowyn Ivey, which sounds too good to be true! It released May 1st, and I can’t wait to dive in. What does your inbox/outbox look like this week?

Social Model of Disability - 1716 Words

. Critically consider the implications for a person with an impairment condition and the opportunities for them to become a member of an inclusive society. This piece of work will try and address the issues surrounding a person who is diagnosed with HIV and the inter-related condition AIDS. The essay will begin with an outline of what HIV and AIDS actually is. Once diagnosis has been confirmed, then a brief discussion on the treatment and delivery and the differences between the social and medical model will address how the individual is treated in relation to health care. Key issues surrounding a work place or educational environment and generally the discrimination they face from different aspects within society will be discussed†¦show more content†¦According to Weitz (1991), a large scale survey carried out in the U.S.A found problems facing an individual who is HIV positive or diagnosed with AIDS face discrimination largely down to ignorance from people who just simply do not understand how it can be spread or how the individual may have contacted the disease in the first place. Johnstone p.126 (2001) points out that wit hin the U.K there has been a shift away from â€Å"bigoted public attitudes† but the stigma remains which is largely down to how the media portray the illness. Legislation such as the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 was introduced to eliminate discrimination towards disabled people in areas of employment, education, accessing facilities, goods or services and the managing, buying or renting of land or property. Parts of it became law in December 1996, and other parts have been introduced over time. For example, within organisations and businesses it became unlawful for employers to treat disabled people less favorably than other employees for a reason in relation to their disability. Reasonable adjustments have had to be made for any person with a disability, such as making changes in service provision or providing extra help since October 1999. Premises have also had to ensure any adaptations to allow access for disabled people were implementedShow MoreRelatedThe Social Model Of Disability1795 Words   |  8 Pagesdemonstrates the â€Å"Disability drift and the disability hierarchy† myth, it effectively shows how people with disabilities can live their lives the same way as able bodied people and have the same opportunities to achieve their goals. The writers accomplish this by focusing heavily on the social model of disability, which highlights the idea that â€Å"disability is caused by the way society is organized, rather than by a person’s impairment or difference† (Scope par. 1). Viewing disabilities from this perspectiveRead MoreSocial Medical Model Disability1203 Words   |  5 PagesThe social and medical model of disability There are a number of ‘models’ of disability which have been defined over the last few years. The two most frequently mentioned are the ‘social’ and the ‘medical’ models of disability. The medical model of disability views disability as a ‘problem’ that belongs to the disabled individual. It is not seen as an issue to concern anyone other than the individual affected. For example, if a wheelchair using student is unable to get into a building becauseRead MoreSocial Construction And Disability Models1579 Words   |  7 Pages Social Construction and Disability Models Social construction is a meaning created by the things that are around us. The idea of social construction is based on the fact that disability is constructed by localized social expectations. At one point in time, disability was seen as a punishment or moral failing until an enlightenment occurred and society changed its definition of disability. The construction of disability is linked to how time progresses. For example, if a time is set, you do not haveRead MoreSocial and Traditional Models of Disability.1168 Words   |  5 Pagesteeth. The list is endless really. This assignment made me realize just how difficult some of these simple tasks are for many people in our society. The first task of this assignment was to visit the library and sign out some books related to disability. For most people this doesn t present any problems. But for a wheelchair bound person or one with limited mobility, there are huge obstacles to overcome. Personally I had little trouble maneuvering from place to place. In a matter of minutesRead MoreThe Medical And Social Models Of Disability2264 Words   |  10 Pages What do you understand by the medical and social models of disability? Illustrate your answer with examples from your media portfolio. The social and medical model are separate elements which have a big impact on people’s life. Disability as a whole influences society because we start from a young age learning, which will effect the kind of person we are and the kind of person we become. The word ‘model’ helps define the disability and understand the concepts in which it is perceived by individualsRead More Social and Medical Disability Models Essay2243 Words   |  9 PagesI aim to provide the reader with an overview of two prominent models of disability: the medical model and the social model. More specifically, I intend to outline the differences between these models, especially their theory and practice. Firstly, I will note the definition of what a model of disability is and point to its relevance in disability studies. I will also briefly examine the origins of both the medical and social models, but mainly outlining the contributions of their respective theoreticalRead MoreMedical and Social Models of Disability Essay1857 Words   |  8 PagesIt could be said that in modern industrial society, Disability is still widely regarded as tragic individual failing, in which its â€Å"victims† require care, sympathy and medical diagnosis. Whilst medical science has served to improve and enhance the quality of life for many it could be argued that it has also led to further segregation and separation of many individuals. This could be caused by its insistence on labelling one as â€Å"sick†, â€Å"abnormal† or â€Å"mental†. Consequently, what this act of labellingRead MoreUnderstand The Context Of Supporting Individuals With Learning Disabilities1394 Words   |  6 Pageswith learning disabilities. Identify legislation and policies that are designed to promote the human rights, inclusion, equality and citizenship of individuals with learning disabilities. I can identify the polices and legislation designed to promote inclusion, human rights of individuals with learning disabilities and of their citizenship and equal life chances i.e. National Health Service and Community Care Act 1990; Disability Discrimination Act 2005; Equality Act 2010; Disability Equality DutyRead MoreSocial Model And The Medical Model1559 Words   |  7 PagesCassie Bestwick There a ride range of different models, the two most prominent are the Social model and the Medical model. The Medical model is the model which places the blame on the person with the disability, instead of the stairs it would be the wheelchairs problem. Simon Brisenden (1993) states that the Medical model of disability has a great emphasis on the clinical diagnosis, how doctors suggest medical treatment and hospitalization even though it may not improve the quality of life for thatRead MoreSupport Services Available For People Living With Disabilities809 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many support services available for people living with disabilities. It is important these services are in place to ensure disabled people have the same opportunities as everyone else. The Equality Act was put into place in 2010 to ‘support the rights of disabled students by giving greater legal protection against discrimination’. (Disability Rights UK, 2012) The act emphasises the legal duty on education providers, employers and service providers to make appropriate changes in order for

The Death Penalty Is Wrong ! - 2056 Words

The Death Penalty is wrong!! Imagine Sierrah coming to court and hearing the judge say she is sentence to die. Imagine waking up every day in a cell waiting to die. There are no contact visits and she is in a cell 23 hours of the day by herself. She wait on death row for two decades until finally her day of execution comes. The guard comes up to cell twenty eight and says it’s time to go and takes her to the death house. She gets the last meal and says final goodbyes before being strapped to a gurney and asked to say her very last words. Family slowly watches her die and soon they take the body to prison cemetery. So, is the death penalty right for America? There have been people that were convicted of a crime they did not do. Innocent†¦show more content†¦Inmates are executed by lethal injection which is a combination of drugs. Sodium thiopental was chosen to render the person deeply unconscious. Pancuronium bromide, which causes the person to lose the ability to br eathe. The potassium chloride is extremely deadly because it stops the heart. â€Å"Capital punishment is still legal in 31 US states but as the drugs needed for execution get harder to come by, states are getting creative† (How America Executes Its Prisoners 1). â€Å"Seventeen have executed 260 inmates three states Texas, Florida and Georgia account for more than half of those†. (How America Executes Its Prisoners. 1). The US began to turn to a one- drug method and this has caused a major lawsuit. In 2014, Tennessee said that â€Å"when the drugs for can’t be found then the state can use the electric chair. Utah has went back to using the firing squad and Arkansas plans to kill 8 men before they run out of drugs (How America Executes Its Prisoners. 2). There has been a halt on executions but many states are appealing to reinstate the death penalty. Texas has done the most executions than any other state. The death penalty is an enormous problem in America be cause innocent people are being put to death. When the courts find out that a person is innocent it’s too late because he’s already dead. The death penalty also cost tax payers a lot of money and are paying for the prisoner to be housed, fed, and security. Tax payers often pay for the drugs toShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Is Wrong1321 Words   |  6 PagesThe death penalty is a controversial issue in Texas. People support it because they are unaware of the unknown facts. People believe that the death penalty guarantees criminals being punished and justice being made. However, there are innocent people who have died because of the hateful vengeance by the prosecutor seeks. There are many reasons as to why the death penalty is wrong. There are many ways of killing the defendant after they have been sentenced to the death penalty, some of these includeRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Wrong847 Words   |  4 PagesMany call the death penalty inhumane, and a large number of countries no longer execute criminals. However, the U.S. has kept capital punishment because it deters criminals from committing murders that place them in the position of the death penalty. However, the death penalty is wrong. No one deserves to have their life taken away by another human, even if they are guilty of murder. Death penalties are first recorded in the eighteenth century B.C.E. In the eleventh century C.E., William â€Å"the Conqueror†Read MoreThe Death Penalty Is Wrong Essay1140 Words   |  5 PagesThe death penalty, properly known as capital punishment, has always been a controversial topic. People of the United States often find themselves in heated discussions over whether or not the death penalty is right. Some would argue the death penalty is right for a small percentage of certain crimes. Although the death penalty can be used as a tool of justice, I still think the death penalty is wrong because it goes against many American beliefs.   Ã‚  Ã‚   To begin with, the death penalty violates theRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Wrong1495 Words   |  6 Pagesthe people s security, however in what manner can those same people make certain that these laws are doing what they are meant for? The death penalty is contended to be a just punishment equivalent to the wrongdoing committed, but is it truly, if it means lowering others to turn into that what they are against. â€Å"Always I have concluded the death penalty is wrong because it lowers us all; it is a surrender to the worst that is in us; it uses a power—the official power to kill by execution—that hasRead MoreEssay on The Death Penalty Is Wrong1073 Words   |  5 PagesThe death penalty is absolutely outrageous. There is no real reason that the government should feel that it has the right to execute people. Capital punishment is murder just as much as the people being executed murdered. The is no need for the death penalty and it needs to be abolish ed. It goes against the Constitution which states that there will be no cruel and unusual punishment. There is nothing crueler than killing a person. A perfect example of the death penalty going awry is the state ofRead MoreDeath Penalty: Killing Is Wrong1044 Words   |  5 PagesDeath Penalty 2 Death Penalty: Killing is Wrong To many of us death is a scary thing. We will all die one day, but when someone else takes another person’s life we think of that as wrong in many ways. Killing is wrong. If you take someone else’s life in the United States of America you go to jail. Of course you must be proven guilty of that murder before being charged. It doesn’t matter where you live in almost every state, city and town if you kill someone you are looked down upon andRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Right Or Wrong981 Words   |  4 PagesMany people question whether the death penalty is right or wrong. Issues regarding the possibility of putting an innocent man to death based on faulty investigative work and a flawed legal system are often explored. References to the concept of lex talionis are made, wondering why rapists are not raped and sadists are not beaten in a legal system that kills killers. A killer takes another s life, liberty, or chance at happiness? Is it wrong to take the same fr om them? How can taking a life for aRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Wrong And Inhumane Essay1170 Words   |  5 Pagesto death is difficult to completely comprehend. The physical procedure involved in the act of execution are easy to grasp, but the emotions involved in carrying out a death sentence on another person, regardless of how much they deserve it, is beyond comprehension. This act has been critiqued by many people from all around the world and it is our responsibility as a society to see that capital punishment is wrong and inhumane. Some oppositions to the death penalty include racial bias in death sentencingRead More The Death Penalty is Wrong Essay1057 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The death penalty is absolutely outrageous. There is no real reason that the government should feel that it has the right to execute people. Capital punishment is murder just as much as the people being executed murdered. The is no need for the death penalty and it needs to be abolished. It goes against the Constitution which states that there will be no cruel and unusual punishment. There is nothing crueler than killing a person. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A perfect example of the death penaltyRead MoreDeath Penalty; Right or Wrong?2185 Words   |  9 PagesThe death penalty has been an issue that has continually caused tension in today’s society. The main discussion over this is whether or not the death penalty serves as a valid and justified form of punishment. We have reached the point where if the topic is brought up, extremists on both sides immediately begin to argue the matter. One side says increase in crime rate, the other says failure to discourage crime; one says failure to rehabilitate, the other says it saves lives; one says justice and

Moral Theology of Health Care Free Essays

Bioethics is a recently coined word. It comes from â€Å"bio† which means life and from â€Å"ethics† which is morality. Bioethics is that branch of Ethics which deals directly with the problems of life and dying, of health and of healing. We will write a custom essay sample on Moral Theology of Health Care or any similar topic only for you Order Now It focuses attention to the need for a healthier world in accordance with the dictates of reason. As a health care provider, they are face with many ethical issues left and right. These issues sometimes question our integrity as humans with compassion and concern for others. They say that health care providers are sometimes called an accomplice whenever they have done an unlawful thing which is not legal for their chosen profession. Respect for persons, justice, and beneficence, autonomy has been a major workhorse in bioethical analysis over the past several decades. First, let us discuss the respect for persons, justice, beneficence and autonomy. This entails the dignity that we have as human beings. That as human, we have every right to do things and that we should be respected for it. We should respect individuals as well as their lives. As a health care provider, it is our duty to preserve life and not to destroy it. Health care providers often deal with critical situations where human life us at stake, both in the community and in particular health settings. Thus, it is very important that they understand and respect the sanctity of human life. During such situations they may be forced to decide whether or not to perform clinical procedures to preserve health and save the lives of people in a community. Abortion, we all know that Life is precious. It is our main concern and duty. Health is our personal responsibility. This requires that we adopt a style of life that fosters health. We owe it to our family and society to be healthy. The cost of health care is becoming expensive everyday. It is a crime of gross injustice when, because of our reckless habits, we force our family to suffer financial losses and indebtedness. But do we really care about the life which God has bestowed in us? Yes, certainly we do but there are some women choose to abort the life that is in them for some irrefutable reasons. Many agree to abortion depends to the circumstances but how about the women who just do not want to have kids? Is it reasonable that they just abort the â€Å"life† because they want to avoid responsibilities? Absolutely, not! Human life is sacred because conception, from the beginning, already involves the creative action of God. As human beings, we remain forever in a special relationship with the Creator. Human life is endowed with majesty and dignity which call forth for an equally dignified response. We owe human life respect and reverence. Such reverence, respect, and concern for life is a way of saying â€Å"yes† to God’s concern for human life in all its forms. In this complex world that we live in today, abortion and contraception are two of the most hotly- debated issues. They pose a serious moral challenge particularly to medical practitioners and health service providers who are supposed to preserve and protect human life. Thus a thorough understanding of these issues is necessary to arrive at logical and moral solutions. Still the fact remains that neither abortion nor contraception are desirable in human society. Their prevention should be a shared task that rises above the debates on the morality of abortion or contraception. The sanctity of human life demands that it must be respected and protected absolutely from the moment of a conception. From the first moment of her existence, a human being already possesses the rights of a person and that as health care providers we should greatly respect, among which is the inviolable right of every innocent being. This alienable right must be recognized and respected by civil society, political authority and health care professionals. Abortion destroys life and violates the right to life. As such it is morally evil and it should not be in any way legalized and liberally permitted in the laws and constitution of the nation as well as in the ethics of the health care professionals. Euthanasia is one of the most debatable issues of our society today. Many disagree with this practice but others say that it is the only way of ending the agony of the patient. So if this issue is still argued, in what circumstance it becomes right? Euthanasia is the killing, for reasons of mercy, of a person who is suffering from an incurable illness or hopeless injury. Euthanasia is an ancient concept that has in the past been an acceptable practice in certain societies; for example, in ancient Greece. In modern times, however, euthanasia is generally considered murder by the law and also is most of the world’s organized religions. Passive, or negative, euthanasia does not involve the act of killing. It consists of the withdrawal of, or the deliberate failure to initiate, life-sustaining treatment in hopeless initiate, life-sustaining treatment in hopeless cases. Instead of being kept alive for days or weeks through various kinds of machines and drugs, the patient is simply allowed to die. Moreover, â€Å"euthanasia† derives from the Greek words Eu which means good and Thanatos which means death. It etymologically signifies â€Å"good health,† a pleasant and gentle death without awful suffering. Euthanasia may be defined as an action or omission that by its very nature, or in the intention, causes death, for the purpose of eliminating whatever pain. Furthermore, the issue of death has become more complicated than it is used to be because of ethical conflict. The moral issue of euthanasia revolves around the preservation of human dignity in death even to the individual’s last breath. This issue has both its positive and negative sides. The positive argument states that euthanasia aims to preserve human dignity until death. Not only does one have a duty to preserve life but one also has the right to die with dignity. To die with dignity means that one should be better than to go on living with an incurable and distressing sickness. The negative argument, on the other hand, declares that euthanasia erodes human dignity because it means cowardliness in the face of pain and suffering. People who have faced the realities of life with courage die with dignity. Whereas the positive side insists that mercy killing preserves human dignity, the negative side claims the opposite since the act hastens the death of an individual. Furthermore, others consider euthanasia to be morally wrong because it is intentional killing which opposes the natural moral law or the natural inclination to preserve life. They even argue that euthanasia may be performed for self-interest or other consequences. Also, doctors and other health care professionals may be tempted not to do their best to save the patient. They may resort not to do their best to save the patient. They may resort to euthanasia as an easy way out and simply disregard any other alternatives. Physician assisted suicide is the type of suicide assisted by a physician. The physician prescribes or administers a drug that could lead the patient to death. One way to distinguish between euthanasia and assisted suicide is to look at the last act, the act by which death occurred. Using this distinction, if a third party performed the last act that intentionally caused a patient’s death, euthanasia occurred. For example, giving a patient a lethal injection or pulling a plastic bag over her head to suffocate her would be considered euthanasia. On the other hand, if the person who died performed the last act, assisted suicide took place. Thus it is assisted suicide if a person swallowed an overdose of drugs provided by a doctor for the purpose of casing death. It is also assisted suicide if a patient pushed a switch to trigger a fatal injection after the doctor inserted an intravenous needle into the patient’s vein. A lot of people think that assisted suicide is needed so patients will not be forced to remain alive by being â€Å"hooked up† to machines. There are laws that permit patients or their surrogates to withhold or withdraw unwanted medical treatment even if that increases the likelihood that the patient will die. Thus, no one needs to be hooked up to machines against his or her will. Neither the law nor the medical ethics requires that â€Å"everything be done† to keep a person alive. Insistence, against the patient’s whishes, that death be postponed by every means available is contrary to law and practice. It is also cruel and inhuman. There comes a time when continued attempts to cure are no longer compassionate, wise or medically wound. On such situations, hospice, including in- home hospice care, can be of great help. That is the time when all efforts should be directed at making the patient’s remaining time comfortable. Then, all interventions should be directed to the alleviation of pain and other symptoms as well as to the provision of emotional and spiritual support for both the patient and the patient’s loved ones. Medicine is at the service of life. Since the beginning medical practitioners have struggled to conserve health, alleviate suffering and as much as they can, prolong life. Nobody escapes death, as death as inevitable. It is a fearful reality. However, acceptance of death would â€Å"perhaps be easier and more meaningful if one lives life to the fullest and strive to give meaning to his/ her existence.’ Today, the span of human life has considerably lengthened than during the past decades, thanks to significant achievements in the medical field. However, life will remain a journey and man will continue his pilgrimage towards his final destiny. Surely, man will reach a point when neither the physician nor modern medicine can do more for him. As one poet states: â€Å"It is sheer madness of a man to cling to his life when God wills that he die.† Nurses play a vital role in a patient’s struggle against illness. Are nurses allowed to cut the thread of life when the weight of pain, suffering and hopelessness has become too heavy for the patient to bear? Can we â€Å"plan† for our death, just as we plan for our future? While health providers strive to render the best care for patients, situations arise when the patients themselves demand for assistance to have their lives ended. During such situations, health care providers and medical practitioners are expected to act morally and justify their stand. Reference: Drane, James F. Clinical Bioethics. Kansas City: Sheed Ward, 1994. Higgins, Gregory C. Where do you stand? New Jersey: Paulist Press, 1995. Hughes, Gerald J. Authority in Morals. London: Heythrop Monographs, 1978. Kippley, John Sheila Kippley. The Art of Natural Family Planning. Cincinnati: The Couple of Couple League International, Inc. 1975. . How to cite Moral Theology of Health Care, Essay examples

Levels Of Processing And Memory 1 Essays - Mental Processes, Memory

Levels of Processing and Memory 1 Abstract: Craik and Lockhart (1972) developed a theory in which they discussed the levels of processing. The theory states, the more a word is processed, due to its meaning, the better the word is retained. In our experiment we presented subjects with a yes or no question pertaining to the meaning of a word or the appearance of a word and then measured their reaction time. Subjects were then asked to recall as many words that they could remember, results showed that there was a significant difference in reaction times and the number of words that were recalled. Introduction: According to Dewey Rundus (1971) the more an item is rehearsed, the higher the probability the item will be remembered. Herman Ebbinghaus (1885) concluded that in order to remember and learn items we must repeat them. He developed the nonsense syllable, which is a word that is composed of two consonants with a vowel in between. A nonsense syllable could not be a real word (would not be found in the dictionary). Ebbinghaus wanted to minimize the effects of association that have already been made with words that we are familiar with. Using nonsense syllables he determined that frequency of appearance is directly Levels of Processing and Memory 2 correlated with the amount one recalls (Lundin 1996). The rehearsal theory states that recall should mimic reaction time in our experiment. The longer a word is kept in mind, the better it will be recalled. Repetition plays an important role in the processes of memory but it is not the only factor that affects how much one can recall. Craik and Watkins (1973) disputed that repetition improves memory. They performed an experiment to determine that repetition didn't improve memory but that the speed which the words were presented. Subjects were read a list of words, but before they heard the words they were given a critical letter and were asked to remember the last word from the list that began with that particular letter. Subjects thought that they could ignore the other words on the list that did not pertain to the critical letter. The subjects were then unexpectedly asked to recall as many words from the list that they could remember and not just the ones that contained the critical letter. Craik and Watkins (1973 did not find a relation between the amount of words recalled and rehearsed. Craik and Lockhart (1972) developed a theory in which they discussed the levels of processing. The theory states, the more a word is processed, due to its meaning, the better Levels of Processing and Memory 3 the word is retained. The time that one is exposed to the stimuli is of last importance but the stimulus that is analyzed due to its meaning is more deeply processed and is remembered better. The level of processing theory differs from Rundus (1971) theory on repetition. Rundus felt that if one were exposed to a word repeatedly then they would be more likely to recall it. Craik and Lockhart (1972), their theory of processing states that it does not matter how many times or how long the word is shown, but if the meaning of the word was thought about the meaning of the word, then the word would be more easily recalled. Subjects: Ten random college students participated in this experiment. Each subject was used in both conditions. Each condition contained a question with ten words. Each subject answered two questions, one pertaining to the meaning of ten words and the other pertaining to the appearance of ten words. There was actually twenty answers, each question was asked before each word was given. Levels of Processing and Memory 4 Apparatus: To create our experiment my partner and I used the Aldus Superpaint program and the Mindlab program on a Macintosh computer. Procedure: First we chose two questions. The question that pertained to the meaning words was " Is this alive?" The question that pertained to the appearance word was "Are there more consonants than vowels?" Next we needed ten words for each question that subjects could answer with a yes or no response. It was very difficult finding words that would pertain to both questions, but after a lot of thought and searching my partner and I found 10 words for each